Ivermectin belongs to the family of avermectins, endectocides of the class of macrocyclic lactones.
Ivermectin acts in two ways, by interference with neural transmission and the opening of chloride ion channels. Ivermectin increases the release of gamma amino butyric acid (GABA) close to the post-synaptic receptors inducing the opening of the cloride ion channels and decrease in cellular function. There is also evidence of ivermectin acting directly and independant from GABA. The opening of the pre-synaptic chloride ion channels is followed by an efflux of chloride ions and a depolarization of the terminal nerve. These effects interfere with normal neurotransmission between nerves and muscles resulting in paralysis and eventually death.
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